基于地球椭球模型的地基无源定位解析算法研究

An analytical algorithm of passive location based on earth ellipsoid model

摘要:

对于多站无源定位而言,采用最小二乘等方式的解析算法通常要求增加冗余站实现方程组的线性转化,算法成本和复杂度高,采用泰勒展开等方式的迭代算法在初值较差时易迭代发散、陷入局部最优。针对此类问题,结合地基无源侦察特点和时差中点测向特性,提出了3种基于地球椭球模型的地基无源定位近似解析算法。仿真验证表明,测向定位近似解析算法精度很高,可替代迭代法进行工程应用,时差定位和联合定位近似解析算法作为迭代法初值时能够快速实现迭代收敛。相较于传统的解析算法,提出的3种近似解析算法计算复杂度低,无需增加冗余观测站且不涉及高次方程求解。

Abstract:

For multi-station passive location, analytical algorithms such as linear least squares usually required to add redundant stations to achieve linear transformation of equations, and iterative algorithms such as Taylor expansion were easy to diverge and trap in local optimization. To solve these problems, combined with the characteristics of ground-base passive reconnaissance and TDOA midpoint direction finding method, we proposes three approximate analytical algorithms of ground-base passive location based on earth ellipsoid model. Simulation results showed that the accuracy of approximate analytical algorithm was very high, so it could replace iterative algorithm for engineering application. The approximate analytical algorithm of TDOA location and joint location had high accuracy, and could quickly realize iterative convergence when it was used as the initial value of iterative algorithm. Compared with the traditional analytical algorithms, the three algorithms are easy to calculate, do not need redundant stations and higher order equations.