光电侦察技术发展现状与趋势

The development status and trend of electro-optical reconnaissance technology

摘要:

随着光场多维度调控、高灵敏度光电探测和新型材料等技术的进步，传统光电侦察系统的信息获取能力有了长足进步，但在日益智能和复杂的信息域作战中仍需提升探测精度、信息获取维度和可靠性。分析了光场的多维物理量在光电侦察中的作用机理；总结了光电侦察中光场调控的发展现状，归纳了振幅、传输方向、频率、相位和相干性等物理量的调控能力，分析了典型光电器件在光场调控中的作用；综述了光电侦察技术的发展现状，总结了光电侦察面临的挑战。最后，对光电侦察在人工智能赋能、集成化、全光波段动态侦察和主动多光谱探测模式等方面的发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract:

With the development of multi-dimensional light field modulation, high-sensitivity electro-optical detection and new materials technologies, the information acquisition capabilities of traditional electro-optical reconnaissance (EOR) systems have made significant progress. However, the EOR systems still face new challenges including the detection accuracy, information acquisition dimensions, and reliability in the increasingly intelligent and complex information-domain operations. In this paper, the function mechanisms of the multi-dimensional physical quantities of light field were analyzed in EOR operations. The light field mody-lation developments and capabilities were studied including the amplitude, transmission direction, frequency, phase, and coherence. The important role of typical optical devices were introduced in the light field modulation. The EOR technology development status was analyzed, and bottleneck issues were summarized. Finally, development trends of EOR were prospected consisting of artificial intelligence empowerment, integration, all optical-band dynamic EOR and active multispectral detection modes.