面向频谱共存的MIMO雷达波形设计综述

MIMO radar waveform design for spectral coexistence: an overview

摘要:

多输入多输出（multiple-input multiple-output, MIMO）雷达良好的空间分集和波形分集能力使其在目标检测和参数估计等方面有着传统雷达无法比拟的突出优势。然而，随着信息技术的快速发展，雷达和通信系统对频谱资源的需求日益增长。频谱资源稀缺导致雷达和通信系统势必出现竞争频谱资源的问题，进而使得二者相互干扰并导致性能下降。针对面向频谱共存的MIMO雷达波形设计问题，介绍了MIMO雷达的基本概念、信号模型以及信号处理任务，对MIMO雷达波形设计问题的一般形式，以及面向典型应用场景的波形设计问题进行了概述。为通过发射波形设计提高MIMO雷达在频谱拥塞环境中的性能，对频谱约束下的MIMO雷达波形设计、MIMO雷达与通信系统协同设计和雷达通信一体化等领域的研究进展进行了系统的评述和总结，并展望了下一步的研究方向。

Abstract:

Owing to the spatial and waveform diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar possesses improved target detection and parameter estimation abilities over traditional radar. However, with the rapid development of information technology, the demand for bandwidth resources from radar and communication systems has been increasingly growing. Due to the scarcity of spectrum resources, radar and communication systems will inevitably compete for them. As a consequence, the mutual interference between the two kinds of systems will result in performance degradation. To enhance the spectral coexistence ability of MIMO radar and communication systems, waveform design methods for MIMO radar in spectrally crowded environments are investigated. First, the preliminaries, the signal model and the essential tasks of MIMO radar were introduced. Then, a general formulation of MIMO radar waveform design problems as well as typical waveform optimization problems were presented. To improve the performance of MIMO radar in spectrally crowded environments through waveform design, three schemes, including spectrally constrained waveform design, co-design of MIMO radar and communication systems, waveform design for dual-function radar-communication(DFRC) systems, and the associated design methods were reviewed. Finally, the prospects for several future research topics in this area were discussed.